Mass defections weaken al-Shabaab morale

By Mahmoud Mohamed in Mogadishu

September 25, 2012

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More than 200 al-Shabaab fighters who had been defending Jowhar surrendered with their weapons to Somali and African Union forces on Saturday (September 22nd) in the biggest defection from the al-Qaeda-allied organisation in a single day.

Nearly 250 fighters who defected from al-Shabaab were paraded at a military camp on September 24th after they surrendered to the African Union Mission in Somalia over the weekend. [AFP] Play Video
  • Al-Shabaab defectors stand in line after surrendering with their weapons to AMISOM and Somali forces in Garsale, 80 kilometres north of Mogadishu, on September 22nd. [Mahmoud Mohamed/Sabahi]

    Al-Shabaab defectors stand in line after surrendering with their weapons to AMISOM and Somali forces in Garsale, 80 kilometres north of Mogadishu, on September 22nd. [Mahmoud Mohamed/Sabahi]

  • AMISOM and Somali government forces display weapons surrendered by former al-Shabaab fighters on September 22nd. [Mahmoud Mohamed/Sabahi]

    AMISOM and Somali government forces display weapons surrendered by former al-Shabaab fighters on September 22nd. [Mahmoud Mohamed/Sabahi]

"This step is a severe blow to al-Shabaab, which has suffered a series of successive military defeats," said Omar Mohamed, a retired Somali National Army officer. "If the ongoing military operations continue, more fighters will turn their backs on the movement and there will be major defections in the group."

"Successive defections with big numbers confirm splits in al-Shabaab's ranks," he told Sabahi. "The defection of more than 200 al-Shabaab fighters in just one day and their voluntary joining of government forces reflect the extent of despair the fighters face to stay with the movement."

In recent months, Somali National Army and African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) forces have made significant military gains against al-Shabaab, liberating large swathes of the country, including four regional capitals -- Marka, Beledweyne, Baidoa and Hudur.

"Al-Shabaab is faltering both militarily and financially," Mohamed said. "Militarily, the movement is about to suffer a defeat as a result of increasing military pressures. Financially, it is no longer capable of paying even symbolic wages to its fighters because of the financial crisis it faces after its funding sources dried up."

'Al-Shabaab is not defending Islam'

Ahmed Ali, who surrendered on Saturday, said he and other fighters decided to change sides after they saw the crimes al-Shabaab was committing against the Somali people in the name of religion.

"We had a disagreement with movement leaders in the Middle Shabelle region after they intimidated innocent civilians and because of their unjust practices against the Muslim Somali people," he told Sabahi.

"Al-Shabaab leaders deceive young people and adolescents, claiming they are waging jihad in the name of Islam to establish an Islamic state and apply sharia law in Somalia," he said. "The acts of this movement and their harassment of civilians are not jihad."

"Al-Shabaab is not defending religion," Ali said. "Rather, it is committing crimes against the Muslim Somali people in the name of religion because jihad does not mean accusing Muslims of apostasy and blowing up innocent people. Therefore, we decided to defect from it, and we are prepared to fight against it."

Before the Jowhar battle, AMISOM Deputy Force Commander of Operations Brigadier Michael Ondoga called on fighters who want peace to lay down their arms and turn themselves in, adding that AMISOM would guarantee their safety.

Al-Shabaab fighting a lost war

Abshir Mahamud, who defected from al-Shabaab three months ago and was recruited into the Somali National Army, said he expects the pace of defections from al-Shabaab to continue to increase.

"Al-Shabaab fighters have become fully convinced that they are waging a lost war against their own people," he told Sabahi. "The signs of al-Shabaab's defeat have started to appear on the horizon and consequently, fighters have realised that there is nothing to fight for."

Mahamud said government forces have welcomed defecting fighters who want to turn themselves in voluntarily. He said the government protects defectors and pays them money in exchange for their weapons. The government also prepared a special programme to rehabilitate defecting fighters and provide them with military training, he said.

"When I decided to defect from [al-Shabaab] to join the government, I was greatly welcomed by government forces," Mahamud said. "I urge all fighters who are still fighting with al-Shabaab to give up this group and join the government."

Defectors should be dealt with cautiously

Although many al-Shabaab fighters have turned themselves in to allied forces, taking advantage of the pardon that the Somali government announced in August 2011, this has not yet included the movement's senior leaders, according to political analyst Abdulqadir Yusuf.

"These defections are still limited to regular fighters, and the signs of disintegration have not yet appeared among the movement's senior leadership," he told Sabahi.

"So far, we have not seen any official defections of senior leaders, although there have been numerous rumours about sharp divisions and internal differences between the more radical wing in the movement led by al-Shabaab leader Ahmed Abdi Godane, and the more moderate wing led by Mukhtar Robow."

The Somali government has recruited scores of al-Shabaab defectors and integrated them into special intelligence units to monitor their former colleagues hiding in government-controlled areas. But military experts say those defectors should be dealt with cautiously.

"The government has to deal extremely cautiously with this matter because al-Shabaab defectors are a double-edged sword and they cannot be trusted," said Abdullahi Guure, a retired officer in Somali intelligence service.

"Some of those defectors can be informants concealing their loyalty to the al-Shabaab movement," he told Sabahi. "They may want to leak information, tactics and plans of government security agencies and AMISOM to the movement."

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Reader's Comments

  • jundu llah
    December 12, 2012 @ 04:24:28AM

    that is a lie I ask if there is anyone who can fight with god. These Al-Shabaab brothers are fighting for religion

  • MAXAMUUD MAXAMED ISMAACIIL
    November 6, 2012 @ 01:02:11PM

    I think FOZIA WHO WAS APPOINTED AS THE FOREIGN AFFAIRS MINISTER OF SOMALILAND WHO IS ALSO THE DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER OF SOMALIA CAN BRING CHANGES TO SOMALILAND BOTH IN TERMS OF IN TERMS OF IDEOLOGY AND KNOW HOW.

  • gisiri peter
    November 6, 2012 @ 06:41:39AM

    let burry al shabab forever

  • Patrice Lumumba Omolo
    October 29, 2012 @ 09:19:51AM

    Al-shabaab should turn up their arms and help rebuild Somalia. A peaceful Somalia is good for every one. The government should treat those who are surrendering kindly and help them rebuild their lives. This is the only way Somalia can be rebuilt to become a peaceful Nation in the horn of Africa.

  • shot
    October 29, 2012 @ 12:26:46AM

    al shabaab is a bunch of stupid young folks.

  • saalmaan
    October 28, 2012 @ 04:46:44AM

    If I talk about its objectives I think it is a deception to deceive the disbelievers.

  • baiano
    October 26, 2012 @ 12:41:48PM

    These defectors should never ever be trusted at any moment of time, they surrender simply because they have discovered that they were waging a lost war so in case they get a chance to mutiny, they will certainly do so

  • ali omar
    October 26, 2012 @ 12:11:39PM

    I think Al-Shabaab has nothing in hand so far because they suffered a setback in terms of military and economy after their ouster in Mogadishu, Kismayo and Baladweyn where they used to get their income and they have now resorted to suicide bombings. I would like to tell them to participate in peace building, become part of the people and stop the massacre.

  • daacad
    October 24, 2012 @ 11:30:25AM

    Al-Shabaab has to be eliminated from the country and denied the opportunity to come together again. That is the time when the Somalis can come together to discuss their future and engage in talks.

  • huzzzz
    October 22, 2012 @ 06:55:03PM

    The government should rehab/brain wash them at least for an year so they would be true to the government! May Allah grant peace up on everyone!!!

  • Humphrey Vigisa
    October 20, 2012 @ 12:08:05PM

    The Somali Government and Amisom should first hold to the fighters, scrutnize and train them properly and remove those elements who still have the Al Shabaab mind in them.

  • Pewakah
    October 18, 2012 @ 08:30:18AM

    for real its a lost war for the AL-SHABAB,,,!!!

  • Njeru
    October 18, 2012 @ 04:52:44AM

    I do not understand the hurry for to integrate the defectors in the central system. Their defection could be another tactic employed to gather information. I propose that they should be charged with other where they can be monitored easily especially in their respective villages.

  • kanyoni
    October 17, 2012 @ 08:25:07AM

    Tread carefully. Empower the youth. Build a nation

  • ahmed yussuf
    October 15, 2012 @ 03:47:26AM

    al-shaabab should not be given time and peaceful enviroment for them to regroup.

  • prof abdirisak omar ise
    October 14, 2012 @ 03:35:31AM

    We have to counter anything that will cause damage. We cannot trust them because we don’t know of their intention brothers. It is essential for me to be defended okkkkkkkkkkk.

  • janet
    October 12, 2012 @ 10:34:35AM

    these guys should not be trusted

  • badri mahamed
    October 11, 2012 @ 03:46:15PM

    I would like to tell those who defected from Al-Shabaab to ask for forgiveness from God and we are happy about you.

  • hafidh
    October 11, 2012 @ 05:17:38AM

    In my opinion Somalia is an Islamic country and so Somalis should not interfered with. Let them organize their own laws as they wish. I believe that if you didn’t fight Al-Shabaab there wouldn’t be war among them. I know that this is a plot by Christians to remove Islam but Insha’Allah they will not succeed. Al-Shabaab fight till the very end God will repay you and those who surrendered, God will repay them.

  • Jungle ME
    October 11, 2012 @ 04:03:28AM

    We pray that the people of Somalia should have and enjoy peace and in the process develop their country. The Al Shaabab should join the rest of the population in this course. I wish them well

  • klighty tabs
    October 11, 2012 @ 03:49:16AM

    the surrender is welcomed however extreme caution should be taken because their is likely hood that the al-shabaab is changing tactics so that they regroup and take Somalia back to the mess it has been.in fact i suggest that they should never serve as soldiers rather in different capacity remember their loyalty is questionable and the coaletal damage to Somali people and the region peace and security is enormous so the government should start an integration and disarmament process and see how this former fighters can be integrated back to community and they must ask the somali people for forgiveness and rennouce their former accomplises

  • yahya abdi
    October 9, 2012 @ 03:30:17PM

    they should not be intergrated to the forces.they should be rehabilatated and watched kinly.may be they are using tricks.

  • abdirizak sayuun
    October 9, 2012 @ 02:05:55PM

    SURELY, IN MY OPINION IT IS DIFFICULT TO TRUST A PERSON FROM AL-SHABAAB BECAUSE YOU CANNOT KNOW THE ONE WHO WANTS TO KILL HIMSELF AND WHO SEES HIMSELF AS BEING ON THE RIGHT TRACK AND THE ONE WHO IS HONEST IN HIS SURRENDER. I ADVICE YOU TO INVESTIGATE ALL OF THEM AS LONG AS SUICIDE BOMBERS EXISTS AND SHOULD BE MADE TO MEET CERTAIN CONDITIONS SUCH AS COMING WITH THEIR FAMILIES OR ELDERS WHO KNOW THEM AND WHO CAN BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAMAGE THEY MAY CAUSE LATER SO THAT THEY CAN BE TRUSTED. I THINK IT IS GOOD THE NATIONAL SECURITY GROUP OF SOMALIA TO BE CONSTITUTED TO INVESTIGATE EVERY SUSPECT.BY ABDIRIZAK SAYUUN

  • hussein
    October 9, 2012 @ 12:58:14PM

    If I express my opinion from here, I am very sad about the interference of foreign countries in certain parts of Somalia when we have built our own legal system of administration in Somalia. I would like to tell the Somalis to protect themselves from the foreign countries fighting them and every Somali person should prepare for a war to defend his country. We were once among the top African powerful nations in Africa when our population was smaller than we are now. Therefore everyone should try to defend his country. Peace on you brothers.

  • ibrahim
    October 9, 2012 @ 05:18:58AM

    It is right for them to give extra caution.

  • Ken
    October 9, 2012 @ 02:43:02AM

    These defectors may be guenuine or may not. Alot of care should be taken to keep them off inner secrets of the security plans.

  • benson m
    October 8, 2012 @ 01:29:08PM

    keep on surrerndering

  • Nural cayni Khaliif
    October 8, 2012 @ 08:12:51AM

    Peace on you. I think those who defected from Al-Shabaab are sincere. They were rightly guided by God to defect from Al-Shabaab and our country will receive God’s help which will come in the form of bounties and prosperity soon.

  • KADUGWESE KILINGOMA
    October 6, 2012 @ 05:44:03AM

    THAT IS JUST A LIE AND HYPOCRISY BUT INSHA’ALLAH GOD WILL PAY YOU. CONTINUE TO TAKE HEART

  • ben ben ba
    October 6, 2012 @ 01:14:31AM

    Al shabaab defectors should be used for intelligence purposes only but not integrated into the national army. That would work against government in the long run

  • ibrahim axmed xasan
    October 5, 2012 @ 08:56:29AM

    It is really something we praise God for, if the southerners meet in Mogadishu to participate in the election. It is really a good thing. It is success. We need to continue from there to decide for ourselves and to unite. The international community should help the president to fulfill his objectives. If I talk about Al-Shabaab I would like to say everything that has a beginning must come to end and their time is over. Let’s finish the few of them remaining by the people helping the government they elected.

  • Abu Idrees
    October 4, 2012 @ 07:42:13AM

    let them swallow their pride, join the somali forces and rebuild their country afresh. Somalis and the entire people in the region are tired of senseless war and killings of the innocent people.

  • CiilQabe
    October 3, 2012 @ 01:38:22PM

    The youth who defected from Al-Shabaab should be dealt with cautiously because their real motive of defection cannot be known. It cannot be known whether their defection is sincere or not. I feel they should not be recruited into the military of Somalia immediately. They should be rehabilitated and given further training to impart them with humane aspects so that they can forget the inhumane situation into which they were before their defection whether they were forced into it or they indulged themselves into it on their own. May God lead us to the straight path.

  • emmanuel sangalali
    October 3, 2012 @ 07:50:00AM

    Somalia is for Somalians, they should join their hands with KDF and AMISOM. Soon Somalia will be like a reborn Nation. PEACE AND LOVE TO SOMALIANS

  • goroyo
    October 2, 2012 @ 01:07:22PM

    That is true. Add to the news the defection of tens of thousands of Al-Shabaab and thereafter dream this as being true. There you are AFRICOM.

  • c/laahi
    October 2, 2012 @ 04:14:57AM

    In my opinion, the invasion of Kismayo town with the intention to loot oil and other mineral resources without the permission of the Somali government amounts to violation of the international law. Foreign interference in the affairs of Somalia should be stopped, if she has decided to restore peace on her own.

  • Amos
    October 1, 2012 @ 10:42:10AM

    This is pretty good to hear their defection. Note that they have just defected but as someone has commented, no one knows their intention. So the geverment of somalia should welcome them but they be rehabilitated for some time and be interogated for some good time. Maybe they are up for something you never know.

  • Conesker Kagz
    October 1, 2012 @ 10:01:51AM

    God be with Somalia and help them to Live like brothers and sister forever.

  • james kuria
    October 1, 2012 @ 07:41:46AM

    i think this defection should be treated with caution. may be; 1. they are defecting in large numbers with expectations that amisom will pave way and unite them with somali forces. 2. later when the amisom has completed their mission, they will start forming splinter groups where terrorist will join them. 3. the terrorist might be their preference coz they will be looking for arms which the terrorist will provide in exchange of hide out. it also time disarm these defectors and form a speculation unit to check on those who were betraying them (the civilians who assisted the raid). am afraid they might start killing them within the peace zones or camps secretely.

  • cabdi
    September 30, 2012 @ 02:41:39PM

    These men called Al-Shabaab are very difficult men. They are the men required to become the military of Somalia but they have fallen into a wrong trap which they call Jihad but has no basis at all.

  • hareed
    September 28, 2012 @ 05:18:42PM

    If the editorial is true then it is good. Thank you.

  • Suleiman sheikh dahir aweys
    September 28, 2012 @ 11:09:25AM

    It is not true, government is using the media to win the support of the somalis who are staying in alshabaab strong holds

  • kubasu
    September 28, 2012 @ 08:06:39AM

    no war is worth fighting if it seeks to destroy its own sociey , kill its own people , so what is the essence of living if you cant enjoy peace? . see your children play and go to school?

  • Kimeli
    September 27, 2012 @ 11:28:46AM

    The almighty God loves the people of Somalia. Soon n very soon Somalia will be an island of peace. KDF and AMISOM isay to you BRAVO n my the God of israel see n protect u.

  • abdi nuur
    September 27, 2012 @ 02:34:24AM

    The government should not deal swiftly with those men who defected from Al-Shabaab because their motive is not known and no one knows if their defection from Al-Shabaab is genuine or they are spies. They government is now expected to investigate these defectors. They should also be prepared for training and rehabilitation program to reform and shun them from causing problems.

  • Alkutuby
    September 26, 2012 @ 12:58:14PM

    Most of al-Shabab members are scared of getting killed otherwise they would have defected earlier.

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